Information on Prostate Gland with Treatment

The prostate is a gland about the size of a walnut that is only present in men. It is located just below the bladder and surrounds the urethra, the tube through which urine flows from the bladder and out through the penis. One of the main functions of the prostate gland is to produce prostatic fluid, one of the components of semen.
An enlarged prostate is a common concern for men approaching middle age. Typically, there are no symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate which is simply a part of aging and there is no known prevention. The prostate is a gland which produces fluid that carries sperm. An enlarged prostate indicates that the gland has increased in size and most men will experience prostate enlargement at one time or another.
The prostate gland is a male reproductive organ. Many men experience urinary changes as they age, which may be caused by inflammation or enlargement of the prostate gland. An enlarged prostate gland, however, does not always cause urinary problems. Troublesome urinary symptoms are rarely symptoms of prostate cancer.
A man with BPH has to urinate more often (especially at night) and experiences less force and caliber while urinating, often dribbling. If the prostate enlarges too much, urination is difficult or impossible and the risk of urinary tract infection and kidney damage increases. A doctor can usually detect an enlarged prostate during a rectal exam.
The prostate gland (just called 'prostate' from now on) is only found in men. It lies just beneath the bladder (see diagram). It is normally about the size of a chestnut. The urethra (the tube which passes urine from the bladder) runs through the middle of the prostate. The prostate helps to make semen, but most semen is made by the seminal vesicle (another gland nearby).
The growth in itself is harmless and so the condition is called benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). It occurs most often in men over the age of 60. Up to 30 per cent of men in their 70s have BPH that causes them symptoms.
An enlarged prostate means the gland has grown bigger. Prostate enlargement happens to almost all men as they get older. As the gland grows, it can press on the urethra and cause urination and bladder problems.
BPH is not life-threatening, but it is important that it be diagnosed early. Severe BPH causes significant amounts of urine to be retained in the bladder after voiding. Severe BPH may also reflect a major obstruction that could lead to repeated urinary tract infections along with bladder and/or kidney damage. Early detection along with treatment greatly reduces the risk for these complications.
The cause of prostate cancer is unknown, although some studies have shown a relationship between high dietary fat intake and increased testosterone levels. When testosterone levels are lowered either by surgical removal of the testicles (castration, orchiectomy) or by medication, prostate cancer can slowly get better.
Treatment
Treatment for an enlarged prostate is determined by your signs and symptoms and their severity. If you have significant problems, such as urinary bleeding, persistent urinary tract infections, bladder and kidney damage, your doctor will probably recommend treatment. If your prostate is enlarged but your symptoms aren't too bothersome, treatment may not be necessary.

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